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How to use antibiotics correctly.

In recent years, scientists have sounded the alarm about the effectiveness of the use of antibacterial agents. Due to incorrect approaches to the treatment of bacterial infections, those drugs that have been used for antibacterial treatment for a long time, unreasonably and untimely, drop out of the group of antibacterial drugs. And they could still prove to be effective against disease-causing bacteria.

Such damage to the human body, which is caused by improper antibiotic therapy, cannot be underestimated. These are the reasons why dysbiosis occurs, the development of chronic bacterial infections, immunity to a whole range of antibacterial drugs, weakening of immunity and the emergence of diseases against this background that could be avoided.

An antibiotic is a substance of biological origin, which is synthesized by microorganisms from plant and animal tissues; it has the properties of inhibiting the growth of bacteria (parasites) by destroying their structural elements (membranes, etc.) and blocking the ability to reproduce.

Since the discovery of the first antibiotic (1928), according to scientists, we have actually lost many of the types of antibiotics, since pathogenic bacteria have developed resistance to these drugs.

It has long been established that bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics over a certain period of time , that is, they become immune to them. How does it work? The fact is that the entire nature of organisms is tuned to survival, thus, evolving, organisms consolidate properties that are useful for future survival and reject properties that do not meet this principle through natural selection. Bacteria are microorganisms of simple biological structure, and it is easier for such organisms to rearrange their genome, that is, mutate. One generation of bacteria does not live long. Having the ability to quickly change generations, bacteria mutate, leaving themselves useful gene mutations and passing them on from generation to generation. For bacteria , antibiotic resistance - this is a useful property and it is fixed at the genome level.

In their forecasts for the future, scientists no longer rely on antibiotics, since they believe that with such approaches to antibiotic treatment (inappropriate), chemists and biologists simply will not have time to update the ranks of antibacterial drugs (after all, it takes a lot of time to find new effective antibiotics). Some scientists are now betting on vaccination, while others are considering the prospects for treatment with bacteriophages.

In the struggle for survival, bacteria have adapted to develop resistance not only to one antibiotic, but also to groups of antibiotics, and even in many cases - resistance to all antibiotics.

The reason for the inappropriate use of antibiotics lies in the lack of awareness of the population about the rules for taking antibacterial drugs.

Firstly, they are used to treating antibiotics on their own, without consulting a doctor. Often, antibacterial agents are used to treat a viral infection rather than a bacterial one. But viruses and bacteria are microorganisms that are completely different in their biological structure, and those agents that are detrimental to bacteria have absolutely no effect on viruses. And vice versa.

Secondly, using the same antibiotic from year to year, a person develops resistance to this drug in the bacterium that causes a certain disease. That is, the antibiotic will not act on pathogenic bacteria, but beneficial bacteria that resist dangerous bacteria, keep balance in the body, participate in supporting immunity, such a drug will destroy.

Third, not all antibiotics are effective against all types of bacteria. It is the doctor who must choose the antibiotic that matches the desired spectrum of bacteria. And for this, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the infection, to identify the pathogen to which the blow of the antibacterial drug will be directed.

Separately, it is necessary to mention preservatives, that is, substances added to perishable products to extend their shelf life. Many of these substances are the familiar salt, natural acids, and sugar. But there are also antibacterial agents that prevent certain bacteria from multiplying in foods (for example, they block the multiplication of staphylococci in lactic acid foods, cheeses, and so on). Consuming foods with such preservatives, a person actually raises the question of the susceptibility to antibiotics of such bacteria that have entered the body, into question.

Doctors, observing patients who have developed immunity to certain antibacterial drugs, try to prescribe either drugs of the same group, but of a higher generation (and they have a lot of severe side effects), or antibacterial drugs of a different class. But the list of such possible successful substitutions is small, and resistance to these drugs can develop over time.

Recently Danish scientists have developed an interesting strategy of switching from one antibiotic to another . They revealed as a result of experiments that bacteria that have developed resistance to one antibacterial drug are sensitive to another drug. And it turns out that quickly changing one antibiotic to another, and then again returning to the previous one, works effectively. The question remains open, since you need to figure out what to change for what. Today doctors do it blindly (by trial and error).

The battle between man and bacteria for the right to life must be won by man, so there is no need to teach bacteria to antibiotics!