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Parkinson syndrome.

Parkinsonism is a syndrome, the name of which comes from the disease "Parkinson disease", where this syndrome is the leading symptom of the disease. There are a number of disorders of the central nervous system and the vascular system of the brain, which are also accompanied by parkinsonism to one degree or another.

Parkinsonism is understood as the pathological work of the central nervous system (disruption of the functioning of nerve cells - basal ganglia) provoking a certain state of muscle tissue, accompanied by rigidity and hypokinesia (slowing down of muscle functions). External signs of parkinsonism are manifested by tremors at rest, impaired motor functions of muscle fibers.

In addition to Parkinson disease, Parkinson syndrome can accompany infectious, traumatic, chemical lesions of the brain and cerebral vessels (progressive paralysis, systemic atrophy, drug side effects, atherosclerosis, micro-strokes and other pathologies and neurodegenerative disorders). When diagnosing parkinsonism and linking it to a specific type of disease, typical reactions to the use of dopaminergic drugs are used (they sharply improve the patient's condition) and the cancellation of drugs that block the production of dopamine, which also contributes to the regression of parkinsonism syndrome.

A characteristic feature of parkinsonism syndrome is its occurrence at any age due to various external influences and the acute onset of the syndrome.

The treatment of parkinsonism syndrome, a secondary parkinsonism not associated with Parkinson disease, is based on several principles:

The ineffectiveness of Levodopa, a drug that improves the work of dopaminergic receptors, is revealed, this is possible only after using the maximum possible doses of the drug. To enhance the effect, in addition to Levodopa, other drugs are added that stimulate the production of dopamine.
Muscle rigidity is revealed - an increase in muscle tone, hypokinesia is revealed - a slowdown in movements.
Medicines are chosen to affect directly the underlying disease that provoked parkinsonism and to suppress the clinical symptoms of parkinsonism (tremor, rigidity, hypokinesia).

Parkinson syndrome, unlike Parkinson disease, is a reversible pathology.