Gynecology and Mammology >>>> Ovarian cyst

Ovarian cyst.

A cyst on the ovary is a benign tumor-like formation in the shape of a bladder with a thin membrane and liquid contents. A cyst develops when a follicle containing an egg cannot rupture to release the ovum outside, and creates conditions for the formation of a cyst.

This is how a functional ovarian cyst is formed. If the follicle after ovulation is not filled with cells of the corpus luteum, then it remains without an ovum, but filled with liquid contents. Such an education is called a cyst of the corpus luteum.

A paraovarian cyst forms in the ovarian epididymis located above the ovary. Such a cyst is not directly related to the ovary itself.

An endometrial cyst forms in the ovary but contains endometrial tissue, the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus.

There are cysts that contain several combined chambers filled with a mucous consistency, they are called mucinous cysts.

It is also possible to form a cyst, which includes the remains of connective tissue, particles of the embryo. Such a cyst is called a dermoid cyst.

Endometrioid, mucinous and dermoid cysts are neoplasms that can degenerate into malignant forms.

Signs of polycystic ovary disease:

Cysts can grow to a significant size and increase the volume of the ovary, they are also able to grow not only inside the ovary, but also out into the abdominal cavity and thereby increase the volume of the abdomen.
There are pains in the lower abdomen, the menstrual cycle may be disturbed,
Possible spotting outside the period of menstruation,
Lack of conception.

The formation of a cyst in the ovaries can significantly change a woman's health status and be accompanied by atypical symptoms:

General malaise, nausea, urge to vomit,
Pain in the abdomen, small pelvis,
Blood in the urine,
Violation of urination.

The reasons for the formation of a cyst in the ovaries:

Endocrine disorders
Disorders in the production of sex hormones
Taking contraceptives (side effect).

When diagnosing the condition of the ovaries, polycystic ovaries are often detected, when the ovaries (one or both) are enlarged and have many cysts in their composition. Usually, this kind of disease is detected using ultrasound, which makes it possible to examine the ovaries quite well.

Why are cysts and polycystic ovaries dangerous? Due to the fact that the ovary, instead of the ovum, begins to fill with various kinds of cystic formations, ovulation proceeds with errors, and a full-fledged egg does not work. This is where infertility begins.

Polycystic ovary disease is a disease that requires surgery. Dangerous forms of cysts are removed.

Functional cysts can dissolve by themselves or rupture and disappear; they do not require complex treatment.

But cysts of large size and cysts with the prospect of malignancy are subject to surgical removal.

Surgical intervention is performed by the method of laparoscopy, which does not leave significant damage. This kind of operation has a very short rehabilitation period.