Endocrinology >>>> Dyslipidemia - prevention and treatment

Dyslipidemia - prevention and treatment.

Dyslipidemia is a violation of the metabolism of fats, fat-like substances and lipoproteins in the body, associated with a change in their concentration in the bloodstream towards an increase. With dyslipidemia, the synthesis of lipids and lipoproteins, their transportation, utilization and excretion from the body are disrupted. Dyslepidemia is a condition that contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, acute pancreatitis and a number of other diseases, the beginning of which is set by a violation of lipid metabolism.

Dyslipidemia can exist as a congenital pathology, and also develops as a result of a number of factors:

Dysfunction of the hepatobiliary system;
Endocrine disorders;
Excessive consumption of fat-containing foods;
Side effect of taking certain medications;
A sedentary lifestyle that does not contribute to the even expenditure of fat as an energy source.

Dyslipidemia can be detected at a stage when it has not yet caused serious damage to the body by conducting a blood test for the level of lipids, lipoproteins and fat-like substances in the blood plasma. There is also an indicator - the atherogenic index, which is calculated based on the content of total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins in the blood.

Dyslipidemia has no specific signs, except for those signs that characterize the development of vascular atherosclerosis, obesity, hyperglycemia, disorders of the cardiovascular system, manifested in an increase in blood pressure.

Dyslipidemia treatment includes several stages, the first of which is diet and lifestyle correction. Regular physical activity (walking, swimming, dancing, aerobics) will allow you to properly use the fats entering the body, and a diet based on limiting the consumption of foods rich in fats (pork, lamb, palm oil, margarine), as well as revising the menu in the direction of boiled or steamed food instead of fried food will reduce the amount of exogenous fat (supplied to the body from the outside). In addition to correcting nutrition and physical activity, drug treatment is used: drugs are prescribed that prevent the absorption of fats in the intestine (inhibitors of cholesterol absorption) and sequestrants of bile acids that promote the elimination of fats from the intestines.

Since the problem of dyslipidemia can also lie in another source of fats - endogenous, produced by liver cells (hepatocytes), statins are prescribed - drugs that inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol by hepatocytes.

Prevention of dyslipidemia consists in conducting timely regular studies of blood parameters characterizing the level of plasma fat concentration, examining the state of the liver, and treating dysbiosis. The prevention of the development of dyslipidemia is facilitated by a diet that is not abundant in fried and fatty foods, regular and adequate physical activity.