Emergencies >>>> Angina pectoris - what to do
Angina pectoris - what to do.
Angina pectoris is one of the manifestations of coronary heart disease. The causes of angina pectoris lie in insufficient coronary circulation, when it is difficult for blood to flow through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle, which does not receive oxygen. There is a spasm of the coronary vessels and the person experiences unpleasant, fear-causing sensations. Often the symptoms of angina pectoris are mistaken for esophageal spasm, which is difficult to distinguish for a layperson, but you should not neglect first aid, since these measures will not harm the esophagus.
The causes of angina pectoris may be: nervous stress, physical stress, hypothermia, a sudden emotional outburst (resentment, rage and even joy).
The main signs of angina pectoris:
- Paroxysmal pain in the chest (grabbed - released)
- Pain of a constricting, crushing character
- Pain radiates (gives) to the left half of the chest and left shoulder (or the left arm, or to the neck, or to the lower jaw)
- A burning sensation and suffocation
- Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
- Increased blood pressure
Not typical for angina pectoris:
What to do with an attack of angina pectoris.
- Give the person a semi-sitting or sitting position
- Provide fresh air (or oxygen if possible)
- Put a tablet of nitroglycerin or validol under the tongue (in some cases, nitroglycerin can cause severe headache, so you need to start taking it with a half dose). Nitroglycerin should not be taken while standing, since it, relieving spasm of the coronary vessels, dramatically expands the vessels, which means it will cause a sharp drop in blood pressure, which creates the danger of dizziness or fainting.
- Corvalol or valocordin in the amount of 15-20 drops
- Try to calm the person down and stop the influence of possible provoking factors (physical activity, nervous stress, and so on)
- For a prolonged attack (more than 30 minutes), call an ambulance
- Give a person a horizontal position
- Re-taking nitroglycerin (Nitroglycerin is taken at intervals: 1 tablet - after five minutes)
A prolonged attack of angina pectoris may indicate a pre-infarction state, therefore, in this case, time is expensive and a call of qualified specialists is necessary.
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