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Testicular torsion is a typical signs.

Rotation of the testicle on the spermatic cord causes torsion of the spermatic cord . It is a medical emergency that occurs quite often in adult men, children, adolescents, and even newborns. Why is this happening? The causes of trauma such as testicular torsion can be associated with several situations:

For some reason, the attachment of the testicle to the bottom of the scrotum is impaired (as a result of developmental pathology),
With cryptorchidism,
Pathological lengthening of the spermatic cord,
Scrotal injury
Overly tight clothing
Inguinal hernia,
Spasm of the levator testicle
Active movements, including during intercourse.

During testicular torsion, the spermatic cord (which includes the vas deferens, arteries, veins, nerve fibers, vessels of the lymphatic system) rotates around its axis and causes a disturbance in the blood supply to the testicle (testicular ischemia). This condition of the spermatic cord in a very short period of time can lead to testicular thrombosis, hydrocele, testicular necrosis and its loss, so it is very important to pay attention to the symptoms of testicular torsion in time and rush to the urologist or andrologist.

Typical signs of testicular torsion include:

Usually there is unilateral testicular torsion (bilateral is rare),
Sharp, sudden pain in the scrotum that may radiate to the groin or perineum,
Pain syndrome may be accompanied by dizziness, a sharp drop in pressure, nausea or urge to vomit,
Externally, there may be hyperemia (redness) or blanching of the skin of the scrotum,
There may be swelling or swelling of the scrotum,
The testicle from the side of the injury looks more elevated compared to the second testicle, problems with urination may occur,
In newborns, pain symptoms are absent, but outwardly the pathology manifests itself as an increase in the volume of one half of the scrotum.

First aid and treatment of testicular torsion is carried out on the basis of a hardware examination of the scrotal organs - ultrasound, diaphanoscopy, as well as by puncture to study the exudate accumulated in the scrotum. First aid for testicular torsion is to manually unwind the testicle (detorsion). An indicator of the successful actions of the doctor is a decrease in the intensity of pain and restoration of the location of the testicle. This is a tactic of conservative treatment, but if it is ineffective, surgical intervention is indicated. If testicular necrosis was detected during the operation, then a decision is made to amputate it with the possibility of restoring the cosmetic defect. In the postoperative period, blockades with painkillers, drug therapy, which improve the blood supply to the scrotal organs, are carried out.

Why is testicular torsion dangerous? In case of untimely assistance, testicular torsion is fraught with irreversible changes up to male infertility. Necrotic changes in testicular tissue will result in gangrene and testicular amputation. There are statistics that men who have suffered the above trauma are more likely to develop testicular cancer. The prognosis for successful treatment of testicular torsion depends on the time elapsed from the moment of injury to its elimination. The most favorable period is considered to be no more than six hours from the moment of damage.