Cardiovascular system >>>> Arterial hypotension

Arterial hypotension.

A sustained decrease in blood pressure perceptible by a person to an upper index of 100-95 and a lower index of 60 (and below) is called arterial hypotension or hypotension .

Arterial hypotension can be acute and lead to a hypotonic crisis (bleeding, dehydration, excessive sweating, etc.) or develops slowly and takes a chronic course.

Hypotension reasons:

Chronic arterial hypotension can be the result of sports training or serves as an adaptation mechanism under the conditions of life in high mountain areas. In these cases, hypotension is not considered a disease, but is considered an individual feature of the organism. Chronic hypotension often develops while taking certain medications (for example, sedatives).

Arterial hypotension as a disease develops as a result of functional disorders of the vascular wall tone and manifests itself as vegetative-vascular or endocrine disorders; or it becomes the result of a violation of the work of the heart muscle (in particular, a decrease in the volume of cardiac blood output due to arrhythmias, mitral stenosis, heart failure). Arterial hypotension can be a hereditary predisposition to low blood pressure. Most often, hypotension develops in the female sex (maybe at a young age, but more often after 30 years) and is the privilege of people predominantly of mental labor.

There is the so-called orthostatic hypotension, which manifests itself with a sharp change in body position from horizontal to vertical. It is accompanied by a violation of the blood supply to the vessels of the brain and can cause dizziness, fainting, ischemic stroke.

If we compare the state of hypotension with other disorders of vascular function, it turns out that people suffering from arterial hypotension have a lower risk of developing cardiac complications, but a higher risk of developing hypertension in the future and a higher probability of ischemic stroke.

Hypotension signs:

drowsiness,
lethargy,
fast fatiguability,
headaches,
sharp darkening in gases,
cold extremities,
low working capacity,
poor acclimatization,
poor tolerance to physical and emotional stress,
irritability and nervousness.

Diagnosis of arterial hypotension is based on statistical collection of pressure indicators for a certain period (for example, a day or a week, a month); exclusion of other artificially created reasons for lowering pressure (including medicinal ones).

Treatment of hypotension includes a set of measures for both medicinal and tonic action:

They carry out therapy for diseases that contribute to the development and maintenance of hypotension.
Drug treatment is based on the intake of herbal tonic preparations , the use of caffeine-containing preparations (cofetamine, citramone, pyramine) as needed (for headaches).
When neurocircular dystonia is detected, alpha-adrenostimulating antagonists (midodrina hydrochloride) are used.
If hypotension is associated with endocrine disorders, hormone replacement therapy is performed.
The use of tonic drinks is added to drug therapy: coffee, strong tea.
Good results are obtained by changing the lifestyle in the direction of giving up bad habits, establishing a diet and a mode of work and rest.
The right solution would be to alternate between stress and rest throughout the day, allocating enough time to sleep (lack of sleep will exacerbate an already poor state of health).
Walking in any weather and a contrast shower will help train vascular tone. It is necessary to develop a set of physical exercises acceptable for the state of health and load the body daily, setting a gradually increasing level of load, which will contribute to training the general endurance of the body.