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Morbid obesity.

The sedentary lifestyle of a modern person and the availability of food, which some people tend to abuse, led to the fact that the processes of obesity began to take forms that cannot be corrected by diets and conservative treatment. These forms of obesity include morbid obesity - a painful condition of the body, leading to pathological changes in all functional structures of the body. With morbid obesity, the normal weight of a person increases by more than forty kilograms, and diets for weight loss and sports do not have any tangible changes in weight.

To determine if a person suffers from morbid obesity, the body mass index (BMI) is calculated: BMI = body weight in kilograms / (person's height in meters)². If the BMI is equal to or exceeds 40, then it is considered that a person has morbid obesity (third degree obesity), if the BMI is less than 16 - this indicates the phenomenon of cachexia. BMI values over 30 indicate overweight. Normally, the body mass index is:

For men 20-25
For women 19-24

In addition to disturbing the aesthetics of a person's appearance, morbid obesity affects the state of organs and their systems:

It leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus,
Increases stress on blood vessels and heart muscle,
Provokes the development of cancer,
Disrupts the processes of cellular metabolism,
Causes apnea.

Morbid obesity differs from obesity caused by endocrine disorders in that, unlike the nature of endocrine disorders that is not yet well studied, the causes of morbid obesity are quite understandable and can be influenced by regulating food intake and energy expenditure.

The treatment of morbid obesity requires adherence to calorie intake in the 1600-1800 range, physically loading yourself in the gym on a treadmill. As part of drug therapy, lipid-lowering agents are used - intestinal lipase blockers, which suppress the absorption of fats (Orlistat, Xsenalten).

But conservative methods may not bring the desired results. Therefore, the most effective treatment for morbid obesity is considered to be bariatric surgery: gastric banding (dividing the stomach in a ring into two segments), gastroplasty (dividing the stomach into two segments by stitching the stomach), gastric bypass, gastric resection, biliopancreatic bypass (reducing the volume of the stomach and reconstructing the small intestine) - reduction of its length). Bariatric surgery has contraindications and side effects.