Ophthalmology >>>> Macular degeneration of the eye
Macular degeneration of the eye.
Violation of central vision as a result of dystrophic changes in the central zone of the retina (macula) is called "macular degeneration".
The causes of macular degeneration of the eye have not yet been completely clarified, but most often a genetic predisposition leads to it. Macular degeneration of the eye develops between the ages of fifty and older. People aged 75 are at risk.
The prerequisites for the development of macular degeneration of the eye are considered avitaminosis and hypovitaminosis of vitamins A, C, E, a lack of trace elements such as zinc, copper, neglect of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet , and vascular disorders.
Macular degeneration can occur in two forms: dry (atrophic) and wet (exudative). Dry macular degeneration occurs in most cases, affects first one eye, and then the second eye is also involved in atrophic processes. Dry macular degeneration can transform into a wet form. With wet macular degeneration, exudate is formed - an effusion from the blood vessels of tissue, which lifts the macula - the central part of the retina.
Signs of macular degeneration:
- In the early stages, dark spots (blind spots) appear when using central vision (for example, when reading a book);
- The clarity of the image is impaired;
- Lines and contours of objects are distorted;
- Color perception deteriorates;
- Twilight vision falls.
The treatment of macular degeneration is complex. Antioxidant therapy and the intake of trace elements provide a delaying effect and inhibit the development of the disease, but do not guarantee complete recovery. In addition to antioxidant therapy, vitamin therapy and a course of trace elements, vascular disorders are treated, and the proliferation of the vascular network (neovascularization) is suppressed. In case of macular degeneration, it is recommended to protect the eyes from UV radiation.
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