Ophthalmology >>>> Eye scotoma - causes and treatment
Eye scotoma - causes and treatment.
An eye scotoma is a blind spot that is in the field of view and does not perceive light entering the retina. The origin of scotoma of the eye can be physiological (observed only during examination and does not create inconvenience) and pathological, when it impairs visual acuity.
The causes of scotoma lie in a variety of factors leading to impaired light transmission:
- Arterial hypertension (high blood pressure),
- Ocular hypertension,
- Increased intracranial pressure,
- Nervous strain,
- Pathology of the visual centers of the brain,
- Demyelization of neurons,
- Dystrophic changes in the structures of the eye,
- Retinal trauma and microdefects,
- Injuries and degenerative changes in the optic nerve,
- Toxic damage to the structures of the eye by chemicals,
- Circulatory disorders affecting the blood vessels of the eye,
- Tumors in the eye area.
Scotoma is felt as a shadow, a blur of an area of the image, or a flickering patch of various contours. There are varieties of scotoma of the eye that impair color perception, which causes the color to be indistinguishable in a certain area of the picture visible to the eye. Some scotomas are felt by a person as clouding of the eyes.
Treatment of scotoma includes, first of all, the identification and treatment of diseases that caused the development of scotoma. Treatment of scotoma associated with nervous tension requires taking drugs that improve blood microcirculation (Emoxipin, Piracetam). Scotomas, provoked by degenerative processes in the structures of the eye, are more difficult to treat and require complex therapy based on the intake of vitamins, antispasmodics, vasodilators. Complex cases of scotoma require surgery.
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