Immunology and Allergology >>>> Polio vaccination
Polio vaccination.
There are two types of polio vaccine:
- Inactivated polyvaccine - IPV is injected (Immovax polio, Poliorix),
- Live vaccine - OPV (polio oral polio vaccine 1,2,3 types) is taken orally in the form of drops (one hour before and one hour after taking the drops of the vaccine, you should not eat or drink, as the vaccine can be deactivated).
It is recommended to use IPV, as it does not have polio cases, unlike OPV vaccine (1 case per 2.4 million people) or to use a combination of vaccines according to the schedule (2 IPV doses and OPV booster).
Polio vaccination is usually given in childhood in four stages:
- Stage one in three months,
- Stage two in four months,
- The third stage in six months - one and a half years,
- The fourth stage (revaccination) at four to six years.
An adult is vaccinated against polio if he was not vaccinated in childhood, visits regions with high polio endemicity, or is part of the staff working with viruses or polio patients. Vaccination also takes place in three stages according to the scheme:
- First vaccination at the selected time,
- The second vaccination is not earlier than 1-2 months after the first,
- The third vaccination six months later - a year after the second.
Contraindications for vaccination:
- immunodeficiency states,
- general weakness,
- acute periods of illness,
- allergic reaction to antibiotics Polymyxin B, Streptomycin, Neomycin.
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