Immunology and Allergology >>>> Vaccination against tuberculosis
Vaccination against tuberculosis.
Vaccination against tuberculosis is carried out for newborns, in addition, revaccination is carried out in three stages for children of primary school age and adolescents.
A newborn is vaccinated on the fourth - seventh day of life with a live BCG-M vaccine. If for some reason the newborn was not vaccinated at the hospital, vaccination is carried out during the first six months of life, but before that a tuberculin test is made, which should show a negative result, only after that BCG-M is vaccinated.
Contraindications to vaccination are immunodeficiency states, prematurity, purulent and inflammatory skin diseases, hemolytic and other infections. Since the primary vaccination has a ten-year effect, revaccination is carried out with the live BCG vaccine at a later period according to the scheme:
- The first stage at 6-7 years old,
- The second stage at 11-12 years old,
- The third stage at the age of 16-17.
At a later age, it is possible to carry out revaccination up to 30 years, but with a preliminary test (Mantoux test).
In some regions, a two-stage revaccination can be carried out: at 8-9 years old and at 14-15 years old.
There are a number of contraindications for revaccination:
- Past tuberculosis,
- Complications after vaccination (keloid scars, allergic reactions, lymphadenitis),
- Acute period of the disease,
- Reduced immunity,
- Malignant neoplasms,
- Questionable mantoux test results.
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