Immunology and Allergology >>>> Vaccination against typhoid fever
Vaccination against typhoid fever.
Vaccination against typhoid fever has recently gained relevance, since, despite the fact that epidemics in economically developed regions of the world have been reduced to almost zero, the development of bacterial resistance to a number of antibacterial agents used to treat typhoid fever has been noticed.
Vaccination is recommended for people traveling to regions with high endemicity to typhoid fever, travelers and specialists working in research laboratories. Do not forget that bacterial carriage may not manifest itself in any way for many months, which is dangerous for family members of those who often travel to regions with a high incidence of typhoid fever.
There are several options for typhoid fever vaccines:
- Vi-polysaccharide vaccine (VIANVAC - made in Russia, Typhim Vi - made in France) is injected;
- Live attenuated vaccine Ty21a for oral administration;
- Inactivated whole cell vaccine (rarely used because it has side effects).
Vaccination schedules differ depending on the type of vaccine you choose. Vi- polysaccharide vaccine is administered according to the following scheme:
- The first stage starting from the age of two for children (or adults),
- The second and subsequent stages (revaccination) every three years.
Vaccination scheme Ty21a:
- The first stage is three doses by mouth with an interval of seven days,
- Revaccinations are carried out after seven years.
Both types of vaccine have no significant side effects, are well tolerated and can be used in vaccination programs in parallel with other vaccines.
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