Traumatology >>>> Brain hematoma - signs and treatment options

Brain hematoma - signs and treatment options.

A hematoma of the brain is an accumulation of blood limited to the tissues of the brain. This kind of hematoma is dangerous because it squeezes the brain tissue, disrupting their trophism, can cause cerebral edema, cerebral ischemia, tissue necrosis or displacement of brain tissue.

The causes of hematoma of the brain can be associated with:

Craniocerebral trauma,
Post-traumatic bleeding,
Cerebral aneurysm,
Hemorrhagic stroke,
Increased blood pressure.

The occurrence of hematoma of the brain may be based on violations of the rheological properties of blood, structural disorders of the vascular wall.

Signs of a brain hematoma:

Dizziness,
Headache,
Nausea and / or urge to vomit,
Possible meningeal syndrome,
An increase in blood pressure is possible,
Impaired consciousness is possible,
Possible visual and / or hearing impairment,
There are speech disorders,
Possible motor dysfunctions,
Violations of the sensitivity of certain parts of the body are possible,
Convulsive syndrome is possible,
Possible disruption of the vestibular apparatus,
The danger of developing a coma,
The human condition is severely disturbed and after a while continues to deteriorate.

Diagnose the presence of a hematoma of the brain by conducting an MRI of the brain.

Brain hematoma is treated by a neurosurgeon. Depending on the location, size of the hematoma (up to three centimeters) and the patient's condition, a method of treatment (conservative or surgical) is chosen. Conservative therapy involves the introduction of drugs - coagulants (affecting the rate of blood clotting and stopping bleeding), drugs that affect vascular permeability, drugs - diuretics that reduce intracranial pressure.

With a significant size of the brain hematoma, surgical intervention is performed: transcranial or endoscopic removal of the hematoma.

Transcranial hematoma removal is performed by craniotomy and encephalotomy (excision of a portion of the brain tissue). Endoscopic removal of the brain hematoma by craniotomy and suction of its contents with an endoscope.