Infectious diseases >>>> Prevention of infection with tuberculosis
Prevention of infection with tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium is a highly contagious microorganism that has many ways to spread both anthropogenic (through humans) and zoogenic (through animals). In this regard, in order to prevent the epidemic of tuberculosis, rules have been developed for the prevention of tuberculosis and for living with persons with such a disease.
Particularly dangerous is the open form of pulmonary tuberculosis, when mycobacterium spreads by airborne droplets and by household means, and enters the external environment with all the fluids secreted by the body.
Prevention of infection with tuberculosis is calculated on the fact that healthy people will be in an area dangerous for infection with mycobacterium.
The main role in the prevention of tuberculosis is assigned to personal protective equipment and methods of disinfection of premises, household items, food waste and patient waste.
Mycobacterium is sensitive to ultraviolet light and chlorine-containing disinfectants, and also dies when boiled.
To communicate with the sick and carry out cleaning and disinfection of the premises, four-layer gauze masks and gloves are used.
The walls, floor, ceiling and furniture in the room where the patient with tuberculosis lives is washed with disinfectants (solutions of chloramine and bleach), and ultraviolet lamps are installed inside the room.
The patient's bedding is boiled in plain water for half an hour and in 2% soda solution for 15 minutes. In summer, the patient's bed linen and clothes are hung out in the open sun for disinfection with ultraviolet light.
Upholstered furniture is knocked out, covered with wet sheets, which are then disinfected in the same way as bed linen.
Household items of the patient and dishes are treated with disinfectants and boiled, in connection with which these items must be made of heat-resistant materials.
Food leftovers and debris are poured with a high concentration of disinfectant and held for two hours before being thrown into the trash.
The room where the person infected with tuberculosis lives is ventilated for half an hour at least twice a day.
Such methods of disinfecting the living conditions of the sick person allow not to infect the surrounding family members and neighbors. To prevent infection with tuberculosis, vaccination is carried out, and control Mantoux and fluorography allow you to track the moments of infection before the height of the epidemic.
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