Plastic surgery >>>> Facial asymmetry - reasons and possibilities for correction

Facial asymmetry - reasons and possibilities for correction.

There are cases of ideal geometric proportions in nature rare. This also applies to the geometry of the human body, where at first glance, paired organs or limbs create the illusion of symmetry. But, making claims to his own appearance, a person is inclined to notice the unequal structure of the details of his own appearance and not ideality or symmetry of proportions.

A particularly traumatic factor is the asymmetrical details of the structure of the face, where all deviations from ideal proportions are often most noticeable. What causes facial asymmetry?

Unsymmetrical facial contours can be the result of many factors, both congenital and acquired. A delay in the formation and growth of the bone structures of the skull, cartilage and muscle tissue in the head region during intrauterine development will become a congenital anomaly in the formation of the relative symmetry of the facial structures and organs located in the cranium.

The most common congenital causes of facial distortion are:

unilateral underdevelopment of the sternum - clavicular - mastoid muscle, pulling the neck and after it and half of the face;
underdevelopment of the bones of the lower jaw, which changes the proportions of the face;
abnormal formation of the temporomandibular joint, causing a skew of the left and right sides of the face;
underdevelopment of muscle tissue and connective tissue structures of the face;
features of the work of both hemispheres of the brain, regulating the asynchronous contraction and relaxation of facial muscles.

Reasons for acquired facial asymmetry:

Neuralgia of the facial nerve;
Traumatic lesions of nerve fibers in the facial area (for example, during cosmetic procedures, cosmetic operations, household injuries of the facial area);
Incorrect work of the temporomandibular joint due to disturbances in the formation of the dentition, anomalies in the growth of teeth, disturbances in the relationship of the upper and lower jaw (bite) as a result of childhood bad habits (sucking on the nipple, finger, lip, toys, etc.), inflammatory diseases in joint, in case of injury;
Post-stroke paresis and paresthesias of the facial muscles;
Surgery to remove tumors resulting in facial asymmetry.

What can provoke a skewed face? These are completely "innocent" things: stress, drafts, cosmetic injections, and even electrolysis of facial hair, if it is done with violations.

Facial asymmetry is static and dynamic. With dynamic asymmetry of the face, the asymmetry of the work of mimic muscles causes a bias in the location and movement of the soft tissues of the face, lowers or lifts the eyelids, lips, eyebrows are not symmetrical. Dynamic asymmetry of the face can be invisible when the face is motionless and can be detected in moments of smile (for example, a slanting smile), frowning and other facial manipulations.

Static asymmetry of the face is noticeable even with an immobile face and is caused by more complex structural pathologies of the skull and soft tissues of the facial region.

Both variants of facial asymmetry require correction by a doctor if they cause inconvenience to a person and prevent him from leading a normal life.

Facial asymmetry correction is the field of activity of cosmetologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, maxillofacial dentists and plastic surgeons. Depending on what factors have played an unfavorable role in the imbalance of the proportions of the face, a medical specialist is also selected. Often, all of the listed doctors contribute to correcting an asymmetrical face.

The superficial asymmetry of the face, which does not involve the bone pathology, the deep muscles of the facial area, can be corrected by permanent make-up: changes in the contours of the eyebrows, eyes, lips, visual play of the complexion of the skin.

With dynamic asymmetry of the face, an effective means is the introduction of botulinum toxin into a more mobile area of the face in order to immobilize and thereby balance the facial expressions on both sides of the face.

With static facial asymmetry, both gentle methods of cosmetology are used (the introduction of gel fillers into soft tissues to create symmetrical facial swellings; lifting of the facial skin by lifting with threads and electrical stimulation), and surgical intervention (correction of the work of nerve fibers; dissection and lengthening of muscle and connective tissue structures, blocking the synchronous work of mimic muscles; changing the shape of the wings of the nose, the shape of the nose, the shape of the eyes, lifting the eyelids and eyebrows).

In case of facial asymmetry caused by disorders in the structure of the temporomandibular joint, use:

prosthetics and splinting with mouthguards in order to restore the path of motion of the joint and correct its anatomical structures (increasing the convexity of the articular head),
osteotomy of the lower jaw,
arthroplasty of the temporomandibular joint.

Almost all procedures to restore facial symmetry require massage of the facial muscles, training of mimic and chewing muscles, physiotherapy to restore the innervation of the tissues of the facial part of the head.