Musculoskeletal system >>>> How do myopathies develop?

How do myopathies develop?

Myopathy is a dystrophic lesion of muscle tissue fibers that occurs due to hereditary genetic mutations, accompanied by metabolic disorders in muscle tissue, impaired nervous regulation of muscle tone and ultimately leading to muscle atrophy. The causes of myopathy are still poorly understood. There are known cases of myopathy as a disease acquired during life as a result of infectious lesions (viral, bacterial, parasitic), systemic diseases (vasculitis, arthritis, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus), muscle overexertion or injury.

Violation of the course of biochemical reactions in muscle tissue leads to the fact that the cells of muscle fibers cannot receive the necessary protein structures (according to the principle of clarifying the name of a protein that is not synthesized and does not participate in the formation of muscle tissue, the names of myopathies are also built: protein calpain 3 - calpainopathy, protein dysferlin - dysferlinopathy, etc.).

In myopathy, skeletal muscles, visceral muscles, and facial muscles (orbital muscle of the mouth) are affected. Muscle atrophy can spread to specific muscle groups, such as the muscles of the shoulder girdle, muscles of the trunk, etc.

Myopathy – signs.

Myopathy is characterized by a violation of the contractile functions of muscle tissue, which leads to muscle weakness. The person begins to limp slightly or move with a duck gait (waddle) or limp slightly. It is difficult to get up from the sitting position and climb the stairs, quickly gets tired of any load on the musculature, or finds it difficult to do basic things (carry bags, hold cutlery in hand, raise your arms above your head when dressing or combing).

Depending on what form of development myopathy takes, rapidly progressing or sluggish, the person's ability to move independently also depends. Often, muscle tissue atrophy is accompanied by an increase in the volume of adipose and / or connective tissue. The early onset of the development of myopathy leads to immobility and disability, the later manifestations of the disease are less severe.

Myopathies - treatment.

Treatment of myopathy is carried out symptomatically. With early signs of the disease, special gymnastics is shown, which does not strain the muscles, but rather aimed at stretching the muscle fibers. Shown are water procedures, swimming. Physiotherapy is performed (electrophoresis, ultrasound, stimulation of various muscle groups). They use hormonal therapy (retabolil, nerobol), vitamin therapy (nicotinic acid, vitamin E, group B, vitamin C), amino acids, ATP. High-protein diets are not shown, since they do not give any effect of replenishing the missing proteins in muscle fibers due to a violation of the very mechanism of synthesis and retention of protein structures in the muscle fiber cell. To date, research into the causes of the development of myopathies and their treatment is actively continuing.