Ophthalmology >>>> Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis.

The conjunctiva (the mucous membrane lining the eyelids from the inside and passing to the eyeball to the cornea) is often subject to various inflammatory processes, the signs of which are burning, dryness of the eye, a feeling of sand entering the eye, edema of the eyelid mucosa, conjunctival hyperemia, secretion of mucus that adheres the eyelids, itching, enlargement of lymphatic follicles, loss of conjunctival transparency.

Inflammatory reactions of the conjunctiva to various stimuli are called conjunctivitis. The causes of conjunctivitis are varied, but they can be grouped according to similar sources of inflammation:

Conjunctivitis caused by infection: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa parasites (chlamydia), are called infectious conjunctivitis.
Conjunctivitis of allergic origin has many varieties: spring catarrh, pollinous conjunctivitis, phlyctenular (tuberculous - allergic), large papillary conjunctivitis, chronic allergic and drug conjunctivitis.
Dystrophic diseases of the conjunctiva: pterygium, keratoconjunctivitis dry (dry eye syndrome), pinguecula.

According to the nature of the inflammatory process, sinusitis is divided into:

When diagnosing conjunctivitis, differentiation is often carried out with diseases similar in symptoms such as iridocyclitis, keratitis, and an acute attack of glaucoma.

Treatment of conjunctivitis begins with finding out the nature of the resulting inflammation. To do this, conduct a study of a smear from the conjunctiva for the detection of pathogens. Further, depending on the pathogens found, drug treatment is selected (antibacterial or antiviral eye drops, eye ointments).

Eye ointments for conjunctivitis:

Tetracycline (1%)
Erythromycin (0.5%)
Levomycytin (0.5%)

Eye drops for conjunctivitis treatment:

Tobrex,
Okatsin,
Floxal,
Ciprofloxacin-akos,
Ophthalmoferon.

Antiallergic and anti-inflammatory eye drops:

Alomid,
Naklof,
Diklo-f.

When using eye drops with antibiotics, allergic reactions may occur, in these cases, such drops are canceled and other eye drops with a similar effect are used. Drops and ointments with antibiotics are also changed in cases where the bacteria are resistant (immune) to the antibiotics used. Eye drops containing, in addition to an antiseptic, also corticosteroids (for example, Sofradex), can cause an increase in intraocular pressure and other negative consequences, therefore, eye drops with glucocorticosteroids are taken exclusively under the supervision of a doctor and with his recommendation.

Frequent flushing of the conjunctival cavity is added to drug treatment. It is convenient to wash the conjunctiva with solutions of potassium permanganate (0.01% solution), furacilin (0.02% solution), boric acid (2% solution), corresponding to the found bacteria, bacteriophage solution (the dose of the bacteriophage solution must be pre-heated in the hand). First, the eyelids are wiped with a cotton pad moistened with the solution (the cotton pad is not dipped into the solution again), and then the solution is taken into a small syringe and the conjunctival cavity is washed with a stream from the syringe, after having parted the eyelids and pulling the eyelid. Antibacterial agents (eye drops, antiseptic ointments) are used according to the scheme described in the instructions for the drug or every three hours (if the time period is not specified in the instructions). It is convenient to put the ointment behind the eyelid at night.

It is impossible to blindfold or glue the eyes with conjunctivitis , since this creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogens, the threat of inflammation of the cornea of the eye increases.

Acute conjunctivitis is treated fairly quickly and without major complications. It is enough to start treatment on time and correctly. You can use tea leaves (pre-strained through a fine strainer), warm herbal infusions to rinse the conjunctiva .

Another thing is chronic forms of conjunctivitis. This requires a larger-scale diagnosis of the causes of conjunctivitis, the identification of diseases against which inflammation of the conjunctiva develops (refractive errors, sinus diseases and other chronic diseases).

It should be noted that accidental transfer of mucus from a diseased eye to a healthy eye, or through personal hygiene items to other people, causes the same lesion with