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Peeling scrubs.

Scrubs are special means for carrying out one of the methods of skin peeling - physical peeling. Unlike chemical peeling , which acts on the skin as a burn , when peeling with a scrub, the skin surface is mechanically treated with microabrasives in order to exfoliate (or, more simply, scraping) from the surface layer of the skin of dead cells (scales), excess sebum, residues clogged in pores of dirt. The purpose of this type of peeling is to cleanse the skin surface, level it for subsequent cosmetic manipulations: baths, masks, applying nourishing creams, applying makeup, and so on.

Scrubs have a liquid base, in which microparticles - microabrasives - are located as a suspension. Previously, the base of scrubs was inert, but modern scrubs are made either on a water or on an oil basis, and depending on this, scrubs are distinguished in the form of gels, emulsions, milk, soaps, pastes or scrubs-creams, which, in addition to cleansing and exfoliating, also perform a moisturizing and nutritional function.

Abrasive particles can be made from both natural materials and synthetic ones. Crushed shells from walnuts, apricot kernels, peaches, almonds, crushed pumice, ground coffee beans are used as natural microabrasives. Special nylon or cellulose granules are used as synthetic materials.

Depending on the purpose for which the scrub will be used, abrasives can be soft and hard, of varying degrees of dispersion (size). This variety of abrasives is designed to perform mechanical exfoliation of varying degrees of depth. The greater the degree of dispersion (finer size), the less traumatic the peeling procedure will be. This is of great importance for different skin types. Coarser skin can be treated with coarser scrubs, while thin, delicate, sensitive skin can be cleaned with softer, finer abrasives. The best abrasives are considered round, not too soft or too fine abrasive grains.

Sugar or salt crystals are often used as abrasive granules. Usually, oils are the basis for such abrasives, but not purely natural oils, but a mixture of natural and synthetic oils. Moreover, synthetic oils occupy a large share in relation to natural ones. This is due to the fact that synthetic oils are odorless, colorless, do not deteriorate and are better distributed over the skin. Essential oils are often added to scrubs, they give a pleasant smell, but can become irritants for sensitive skin.

Scrubs use oceanic, sea or common edible salt, i.e. sodium chloride. But sometimes salt scrubs irritate the skin, and in this sense, sugar scrubs are more inert and softer. Before use, salt or sugar scrub must be stirred, as crystals precipitate.

It should be remembered that scrubs are not masks, and they should be used no more than once a week, since the regenerative processes in the skin occur gradually. In addition, during the peeling procedure, facial massage is not done and massaging and rubbing movements are not used when removing the scrub from the skin surface, all this can significantly injure the skin.

Let's give an example of a scrub technique. This example is universal and suitable for all types of skin.

The first stage is washing. Make-up is removed from the face and dust is washed off, as particles of cosmetics and dust can enter the opened pores and irritate the skin. They wash their face with clean water, or with water with special cosmetics: foams, soap, and so on.
The second stage is preparing the skin for the application of the scrub. As a rule, the scrub is applied after taking a shower or bath, so that the skin is "steamed". But you can first hold your face over the steam (not too close so as not to get burned) or cover your face for 15 - 20 minutes with a terry towel soaked in hot water (but not boiling water) and wrung out. For inflamed skin with acne or prone to diseases that support erythema, itching or any irritating inflammation, do not use steam or hot water for steaming, but a terry towel should be soaked in lukewarm or room temperature water and held on the face slightly longer than usual.

It is very convenient to make a special pattern from an oval-shaped towel to the size of the face with two holes for the eyes (so that the eyelids are not covered with cloth) and a hole for the lips (we do not steam the lips). The hole for the nose is not necessary, as it must be completely covered with tissue. Such a blank will serve you for a long time.

It is necessary to steam the skin so that the pores expand and the scrub has the opportunity to penetrate deeper into the surface layer of the skin for deeper cleaning.

The third stage is the application of the finished scrub to the surface of the facial skin. Apply the previously prepared scrub to the surface of the skin, evenly distributing it over the required areas. The eyelids and lips are not covered with a scrub, as there are areas of very delicate skin.
The fourth stage is the removal of the scrub. Use a cotton swab or soft cloth or towel and start removing the scrub from your face, pressing the scrub mass lightly against the skin with a scrubbing motion. But do not overdo it, as abrasives (especially those with sharp edges) can hurt your skin. After you have removed all visible scrub from your face, rinse off any excess with water. It is necessary to thoroughly rinse off the scrub so that the abrasive particles do not accidentally linger on the skin surface and do not cause injury during subsequent cosmetic procedures.

After using the scrub, continue your facial by applying moisturizers, nourishing creams or masks to your skin.

Today the cosmetics industry offers a wide range of different pre-made scrubs, but you can make some scrubs at home yourself.

At home scrubs have a number of advantages over the cosmetics industry:

They are always freshly prepared
Contains no preservatives
The composition of abrasives can be combined depending on the type of skin
Inexpensive
Contains natural ingredients, not derivatives of the chemical industry
Combinations of ingredients can be controlled

Scrubs for delicate and sensitive skin.

The abrasive for such scrubs will have to buy a standard one - synthetic granules produced by the industry, since they are soft and round in shape. They come in a variety of colors and sizes. Crushed shells, coffee beans, salt, sugar and crushed pumice stones will not work as they will injure this type of skin. But we will select the basis ourselves, based on what result we want to get. If you use a scrub exclusively for cleaning, then the base will be neutral: ready-made gel or foam for washing, sour cream, thick kefir, brewed starch, brewed gelatin. The starchy substance can be made not only from potato starch, but also from rice broth, herculean broth.

If you want to moisturize, nourish the skin, relieve inflammation while applying the scrub, then the corresponding ready-made cream can serve as the basis for the scrub.

Scrubs for oily and normal skin.

In cases with this type of skin, the abrasive can be any. And the basis is the same as in the case of sensitive skin (read above). Consider several recipes for scrubs .

The coffee scrub as abrasive grains put ground coffee (previously boiled and strained through a fine strainer, not remaining after drinking of coffee in the cup). You can drink the remaining coffee after straining.

Salt scrub has salt crystals (sea, ocean, food) as an abrasive filler, but they should not be large. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that salt is not inert, it can corrode the skin, so salt-based scrubs should be used with care.

Scrubs with sugar-based abrasives are inert, but in this case it is necessary to choose smaller crystals, since they have sharp edges and also tend to injure the skin.

You don't have to use just a sugar scrub or just a salt scrub . You can mix sugar crystals and salt crystals by combining their sizes.

Scrubs for inflamed skin with acne.

Unhealthy skin is another matter. But even such skin requires regular cleansing. In these cases, the skin must be handled with care, since it is already injured, so we replace the abrasives with a soft sponge, preferably rubber or foam. The base we have prepared (read above) is applied to the skin, and preferably neutral! It is distributed evenly with fingers over the entire area of the face. Then, with gentle movements, without much rubbing, remove the applied base with a sponge and then rinse it off completely with water. It should be borne in mind that if there are pustules on the face, acne in the form of acne, then they must be bypassed with a sponge, since an infection develops there, and it should not be allowed to smear, spread over the entire face. After peeling with a scrub such skin must be treated with drying agents (special ointments, creams, gels, tonics, and so on).

And, summing up, it is necessary to mention the aromatic additives in self-prepared scrubs. Do not add squeezed citrus or sour fruit juice to your scent scrub, as it will irritate your skin and cause additional trauma. It is better to add ready-made aromatic oils (a few drops).