Dermatology >>>> Toxicoderma

Toxicoderma.

Allergic dermatitis developing under the influence of toxic or toxico-allergic factors is called "toxicoderma". Toxicoderma develops as an inflammatory process in the skin and mucous membranes.

Toxic factors can affect the body in an endogenous (internal) and exogenous (external) way. Exogenous factors include: drugs (injected and orally), xenobiotics, household (detergents, washing powders, building materials, household dyes) and industrial hazardous chemicals, low-quality or allergenic foods that come into contact directly with the skin, mucous membranes or by ingestion, activates an allergic reaction. Endogenous factors can be represented by toxic products as a result of metabolic processes occurring in the body and caused by diseases of the thyroid gland, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, liver, the presence of neoplasms, parasitic invasions.

Toxicoderma has an acute development, manifested by the appearance on the skin (mucous membrane) of monomorphic rashes (papules, pustules, nodules, vesicles, hyperemic spots (redness)), itching, burning, fever. In the case of a severe course of toxicoderma, disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system (increased irritability, depression, emotional lability ), high fever, malfunctions of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and liver are observed.

With the cessation of exposure to a toxic factor (for example, when a drug is discontinued), the signs of toxicoderma disappear after a short time. But often it is not possible to establish the exact cause of toxicoderma. Toxicoderma is diagnosed by differentiating its manifestations with signs of similar diseases: erythema multiforme exudative, rubella, measles, scarlet fever, chickenpox and a number of other diseases. Under existing assumptions about the factors that caused toxicoderma, provocative tests are carried out.

Treatment of toxicoderma, in addition to eliminating the provoking factor, involves the use of desensitizing drugs. In severe cases of the course of toxicoderma, drugs are administered parenterally. In parallel, detoxification therapy is carried out: enteroadsorbent preparations (for example, powdered activated carbon). For external treatment, antipruritic creams, gels, talkers, aerosols are used. I remove persistent inflammations with ointments with glucocorticosteroids, in severe forms of toxicoderma, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed by mouth (prednisolone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone). To support the digestive tract, eubiotics (bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) and enzymes are taken.

Toxicoderma of drug origin in its most severe manifestation has toxic epidermal necrolysis - an extremely difficult condition of the body.