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Digestive system >>>> Help with chemical poisoning

Help with chemical poisoning.

Chemical poisoning can occur through negligence or inattention.

The main actions when faced with this kind of poisoning should be:

  • calling an ambulance team (antidotes will be needed to carry out detoxification, which cannot be used outside the medical facility)
  • determination of the nature of the poisoning (type of toxic substance) when interviewing the victim (collect vials, bottles and cans with a poisonous substance presumably located there to determine its chemical composition in the laboratory)
  • determination of the amount and routes of entry into the body of toxic substances
  • time of poisoning
  • collect vomit in a glass jar
  • when the victim is unconscious, it is necessary to put him on one side
  • Although the most accessible first aid measure for the ingestion of a toxic substance through the mouth is to induce vomiting, it is not recommended to do this in cases of poisoning with burning chemicals, because the ingestion of such chemical toxic substances into the body can be accompanied by burns of the mouth, larynx, esophagus, stomach. For example, if acid or alkali gets into the esophagus, you should not try to flush the stomach, induce vomiting, or inject a neutralizing solution. In a medical facility, gastric lavage will be done carefully through a tube.
  • In case of poisoning with phenol, nitrobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, aniline, dichloroethane, santonin, gasoline, the victim should not be given fatty suspensions, milk, castor oil.
  • Rinse the stomach (except for the cases described above) with water with activated carbon crushed in it to a powdery state (2 tablespoons per one glass of water) or simply drink a solution with activated carbon powder.

    • Help with chlorine poisoning.

    In case of chlorine poisoning , rinse the victim's mouth, eyes, nose with 2% soda solution. With a sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath, blue lips, an oxygen pillow is urgently needed.

    Chlorine Poisoning Symptoms :

    • Hoarseness of voice
    • Cough
    • Spasm of the glottis
    • Pulmonary edema

    Help with ammonia poisoning.

    In case of ammonia poisoning , let the victim inhale warm water vapor according to the inhalation principle (preferably with the addition of a few drops of vinegar or a few crystals of citric acid). It is advisable to flush your eyes with water.

    Symptoms of ammonia poisoning :

    • Hoarse voice
    • Sore throat
    • Chest pain
    • Cough with mucus secretion
    • Agonizing cough (in severe cases)
    • Pulmonary edema (in severe cases)

    Help with fluoride and fluorine-containing compounds poisoning.

    In case of poisoning with fluorine and fluorine-containing substances, rinse the stomach with a solution of soda (2%) or a solution of Ca chloride (0.5%). Drink powdered Ca gluconate, or Ca lactate, or 2 egg whites mixed with a glass of milk.

    Since all fluorine-containing chemicals are irritating to the mucous membrane and skin, the symptoms of fluoride poisoning are as follows:

    • Watery eyes or redness (irritation) of the mucous membrane of the eyes
    • Acute conjunctivitis
    • Sore throat
    • Cough
    • Laryngitis
    • Acute bronchitis
    • Rhinitis
    • Bloody diarrhea
    • Convulsions
    • Rave

    Help with alkali or acid poisoning.

    In case of alkali or acid poisoning, it is necessary to give the victim a couple of glasses of water to drink in order to reduce the concentration of caustic substances, but do not rinse the stomach . Neutralization with other substances must not be started, since during the neutralization reaction, carbon dioxide will be released, which will begin to increase the volume of the stomach and aggravate the victim's condition. It is necessary to wipe the victim with saliva or mucus flowing from the mouth. In case of problems with breathing, the victim is given artificial respiration from the mouth to the nose.

    Signs of acid or alkali poisoning:

    • Increased salivation
    • Burn lips
    • Burn of the throat
    • Esophageal burn
    • Difficulty speaking due to burns
    • Vomiting or vomiting with blood (vomiting is dangerous because vomit can enter the respiratory tract with subsequent burns)
    • Respiratory distress with aspiration of vomit

    All of the above manipulations should be started after calling an ambulance, since poisoning with toxic chemicals can have serious consequences and it is important to gain time for professional medical procedures.


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